M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chiwerengero cha fractures chikuwonjezeka, chomwe chikukhudza kwambiri miyoyo ndi ntchito za odwala. Choncho, m'pofunika kuphunzira za njira zopewera fractures pasadakhale.
Kuchitika kwa mafupa othyoka
Zinthu zakunja:Kusweka kumachitika makamaka ndi zinthu zakunja monga ngozi zagalimoto, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kukhudzidwa. Komabe, zinthu zakunja zimenezi zikhoza kupewedwa mwa kukhala osamala poyendetsa galimoto, kuchita nawo masewera kapena zinthu zina zolimbitsa thupi, ndiponso kuchita zinthu zodzitetezera.
Zinthu zamankhwala:Matenda osiyanasiyana amafunikira mankhwala, makamaka kwa odwala okalamba omwe amamwa mankhwala pafupipafupi. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi steroids, monga dexamethasone ndi prednisone, zomwe zingayambitse matenda osteoporosis. Thandizo lobwezeretsa mahomoni a chithokomiro pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya nodule ya chithokomiro, makamaka pa mlingo waukulu, kungayambitsenso matenda osteoporosis. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa mavairasi kwa nthawi yayitali monga adefovir dipivoxil kungakhale kofunikira pa matenda a chiwindi kapena matenda ena a virus. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali kwa aromatase inhibitors kapena zinthu zina zonga mahomoni kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mafupa. Ma proton pump inhibitors, mankhwala oletsa matenda a shuga monga thiazolidinedione mankhwala, ngakhale mankhwala oletsa khunyu monga phenobarbital ndi phenytoin angayambitsenso matenda a mafupa.
Chithandizo cha fractures
Njira zochiritsira zowononga fractures makamaka zimaphatikizapo izi:
Choyamba, kuchepetsa pamanja,yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira monga kukokera, kuwongolera, kuzungulira, kutikita minofu, ndi zina zotero kuti zibwezeretse zidutswa zomwe zathyoledwa kuti zikhale momwe zilili bwino kapena pafupifupi mawonekedwe a thupi.
Chachiwiri,kukonza, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito timizere tating'ono, pulasitala,orthos, kugwedeza khungu, kapena fupa la fupa kuti likhalebe ndi malo ophwanyidwa pambuyo pochepetsa mpaka kuchira.
Chachitatu, chithandizo chamankhwala,zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olimbikitsa kuyenda kwa magazi, kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka, komanso kulimbikitsa mapangidwe ndi machiritso a callus. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa chiwindi ndi impso, kulimbikitsa mafupa ndi tendon, kudyetsa qi ndi magazi, kapena kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa meridian angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti athandize kuchira.
Chachinayi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,zomwe zimaphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi odziyimira pawokha kapena othandizira kuti abwezeretse kusuntha kwamagulu, mphamvu ya minofu, komanso kupewa atrophy ya minofu ndi mafupa osteoporosis, zomwe zimathandizira kuchiritsa kwa fracture ndikuchira.
Chithandizo cha Opaleshoni
Opaleshoni mankhwala fractures makamaka zikuphatikizapokukonza mkati, kukonza kwakunja,ndikuphatikiza m'malo mwa mitundu yapadera ya fractures.
Kukonzekera kwakunjandizoyenera kuthyoka kotseguka ndi zapakatikati ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikiza nsapato zokokera kapena zotsutsana ndi kunja kwa 8 mpaka masabata a 12 kuteteza kuzungulira kwakunja ndi kutsitsa kwa mwendo womwe wakhudzidwa. Zimatenga pafupifupi 3 mpaka miyezi 4 kuti zichiritse, ndipo pali zochitika zochepa kwambiri za necrosis ya mutu wamphongo kapena mutu wa chikazi. Komabe, pali kuthekera kwa kusamuka koyambirira kwa fracture, kotero anthu ena amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kukonza mkati. Ponena za pulasitala kunja fixation, si kawirikawiri ntchito ndipo okhawo ana aang'ono.
Kukonzekera kwamkati:Pakalipano, zipatala zomwe zili ndi zikhalidwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsa kutsekedwa ndi kukonzanso mkati motsogoleredwa ndi makina a X-ray, kapena kuchepetsa kutsegula ndi kukonza mkati. Pamaso pa opaleshoni yokonza mkati, kuchepetsedwa kwamanja kumachitidwa pofuna kutsimikizira kuchepa kwa anatomical kwa fracture musanayambe opaleshoni.
Osteotomy:Osteotomy ikhoza kuchitidwa pazovuta zovuta kuchiritsa kapena zosweka zakale, monga intertrochanteric osteotomy kapena subtrochanteric osteotomy. Osteotomy ili ndi maubwino opangira opaleshoni yosavuta, kufupikitsa mwendo womwe wakhudzidwa, komanso yabwino pakuchiritsa kwa thyoka ndikuchira.
Opaleshoni yolowa m'malo:Izi ndizoyenera kwa odwala okalamba omwe amathyoka khosi lachikazi. Kwa nonunion kapena avascular necrosis ya mutu wa chikazi m'mafupa akale a khosi lachikazi, ngati chotupacho chili ndi mutu kapena khosi, opaleshoni ya m'malo mwa chikazi ikhoza kuchitidwa. Ngati zilondazo zawononga acetabulum, opaleshoni yonse ya m'chiuno imafunika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-16-2023
