Kupaka minofu ya m'chiuno ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira opaleshoni ya femoral head necrosis, osteoarthritis ya cholumikizira cha m'chiuno, ndi kusweka kwa mafupa a m'chiuno.akaziPakhosi pa ukalamba. Kupaka minofu ya m'chiuno tsopano ndi njira yokhwima yomwe ikutchuka pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatha kuchitidwa ngakhale m'zipatala zina zakumidzi. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa odwala olowa m'chiuno, odwala nthawi zambiri amada nkhawa kuti prosthesis idzakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji atachitidwa opaleshoni yolowa m'chiuno komanso ngati idzakhalapo moyo wonse. Ndipotu, nthawi yomwe cholowa m'chiuno chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo pa opaleshoni zimatengera mbali zitatu zazikulu: 1, kusankha zipangizo: pakadali pano pali zipangizo zitatu zazikulu zopangira ziwalo zogwirira m'chiuno: ① mutu wa ceramic + chikho cha ceramic: mtengo wake udzakhala wokwera. Ubwino waukulu wa kuphatikiza uku ndikuti ndi wotetezeka kwambiri pakuwonongeka. Pakuphwanyika kwa ceramic ndi ceramic, katundu wofanana, kuphwanyika poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe achitsulo ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono totsala m'malo olumikizirana chifukwa cha kuwonongeka ndi tochepa kwambiri, kwenikweni sipadzakhala kukana kwa thupi ndi tinthu tomwe timaphwanyika. Komabe, pankhani ya kuchita zinthu molimbika kapena kaimidwe kosayenera, pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri cha kuphulika kwa ceramic. Palinso odwala ochepa kwambiri omwe amamva phokoso la "kugwedezeka" chifukwa cha kuphwanyika kwa ceramic panthawi ya ntchito.
②Chikho chachitsulo + chikho cha polyethylene: mbiri ya ntchito ndi yayitali ndipo ndi yosakanikirana kwambiri. Chitsulo ndi polyethylene ya polymer yokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri sichimawoneka mu ntchito yake, imakhala ndi phokoso losazolowereka, ndipo sidzasweka ndi zina zotero. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe a ceramic ndi ceramic friction, imavala pang'ono pansi pa katundu womwewo kwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo mwa odwala ochepa kwambiri, imachitapo kanthu ku zinyalala zomwe zawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa kuzungulira zinyalala zomwe zawonongeka kuchitika poyankha, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kupweteka kuzungulira prosthesis, prosthesis ikumasuka, ndi zina zotero. ③ Chitsulo mutu + chitsulo bushing: mawonekedwe a friction achitsulo kupita ku chitsulo (cobalt-chromium alloy, nthawi zina chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) Mawonekedwe a friction awa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka za m'ma 1960. Komabe, mawonekedwe awa amatha kupanga tinthu tambirimbiri ta friction achitsulo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti timatha kusungunuka ndi macrophages, ndikupanga reaction yakunja kwa thupi, ma ions achitsulo opangidwa ndi friction amathanso kulowa m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa allergic reaction m'thupi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mtundu uwu wa ma interface olumikizirana wathetsedwa. ④ Kuika mutu wa Ceramic ku polyethylene: Mitu ya Ceramic ndi yolimba kuposa chitsulo ndipo ndi zinthu zoikamo zomwe sizimakanda kwambiri. Ceramic yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pano pochita opaleshoni yolowa m'malo mwa mafupa ili ndi malo olimba, osakanda, komanso osalala kwambiri omwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ma interface a polyethylene. Kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa pulasitiki iyi ndi kochepa kuposa chitsulo ku polyethylene, mwa kuyankhula kwina, pulasitiki ku polyethylene ndi yolimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo ku polyethylene! Chifukwa chake, cholumikizira cha m'chiuno chopangidwa bwino kwambiri, ponena za zinthu zokha, ndi cholumikizira cha ceramic-to-ceramic. Chifukwa cha moyo wautali wa cholumikizira ichi ndikuti kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kumachepetsedwa kangapo mpaka kangapo poyerekeza ndi ma forens akale, zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito cholumikizira, ndipo tinthu tomwe timakanda ndi mchere wogwirizana ndi anthu womwe sumayambitsa osteolysis ndi osteoporosis kuzungulira prosthesis, yomwe ndi yoyenera kwambiri kwa odwala achinyamata omwe ali ndi ntchito zambiri. 2. Kuyika bwino kwa prosthesis ya m'chiuno: kudzera mu kuyika bwino kwa prosthesis panthawi ya opaleshoni, acetabulum ndi femoral phesi Kukhazikika kolimba kwa prosthesis ndi ngodya yoyenera kumapangitsa prosthesis kuti isasunthike ndikusunthika, motero sikupangitsa kuti prosthesis imasuke.
Kuteteza cholumikizira cha m'chiuno mwawo: kuchepetsa kunyamula katundu wolemera, kuchita zinthu zolemetsa (monga kukwera ndi kunyamula katundu wolemera kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi zina zotero) kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa cholumikizira. Kuphatikiza apo, pewani kuvulala, chifukwa kuvulala kungayambitse kusweka kwa cholumikizira cha m'chiuno, zomwe zingayambitse kumasuka kwa cholumikizira.
Chifukwa chake, ma prostheses a m'chiuno opangidwa ndi zinthu zosapweteka kwambiri, malo olondola acholumikizira cha m'chiunondipo chitetezo chofunikira cha cholumikizira cha m'chiuno chingapangitse kuti cholumikiziracho chikhalepo kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale kwa moyo wonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-11-2023
