Sime yamafupa yamafuta a Orthopdic ndi nkhani zamankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa opaleshoni ya orthopedic. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukonza zolumikizira zojambulajambula, dzazani misempha yamafupa, ndikupereka chithandizo ndi kukonza pakuchizira matenda. Imadzaza kusiyana pakati pa mafupa ophatikizika ndi minyewa ya mafupa, zimachepetsa kuvala ndikubalalitsa nkhawa, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya opaleshoni yolumikizirana.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa misomali yamiyoyo ndi iyi:
1. Kukonza Kukonza: Side yamafupa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudzaza ndi kuyika masamba osokoneza bongo.
2. Opaleshoni ya Orthopdic: Kuchita opaleshoni ya Orthopdic, simenti yamafupa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza ndikukonzanso malo ogwirizana.
3. Kukonza mafupa kumatha kudzaza chitsime chamafupa ndikukwaniritsa fupa la minyewa.
Zoyenera, simenti yamafupa ziyenera kukhala ndi izi: (2) Mphamvu zokwanira zolimbikitsira; . . . ndi (6) kuthekera kopatsa mankhwala.
Mu 1970, simenti yamafupa idagwiritsidwa ntchitokugwiranaProsthesis Kukhazikika, ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati minofu yodzaza ndi zokonza mu ma arthopedics ndi mano. Pakadali pano, sing'anga zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zofufuzidwa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Thupi la Fupa, calcium phosfate fupa la mafupa. Pakadali pano, mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafupa wamba imaphatikizapo Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Thupi la Phungu la Phumusi, lomwe lili la caltium husphate ndi calcium husphate ambiri. Komabe, calcium Sulfate sime ya mafupa ndipo sangathe kupanga mgwirizano pakati pa calcium sulfate ndi minofu yamafupa, ndipo imanyoza mwachangu. Calcium sulfate simenti yamafupa imatha kutengeka kwambiri mkati mwa masabata asanu ndi limodzi mutalowetsa m'thupi. Kuwonongeka kwachangu kumeneku sikufanana ndi mawonekedwe a mafupa. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza ndi calcium phosmenti fupa la mafupa, chitukuko komanso kugwiritsa ntchito matenda a calcium sulfate simenti yamagazi. PMMA MPHAMVE STRARD ndi polic policmer yopangidwa ndi kusakaniza zigawo ziwiri: madzi methyl methacryy methacryy methacrylate monomer methacryte-styrene Custaller. Amakhala ndi zotsalira zochepa, kutsuka kochepa komanso kupsinjika kumalephereka, ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa mapangidwe a mafupa ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri komanso pulasitiki. Gawo lalikulu la ufa wake ndi polymethyl methacrylate kapena methyl methacrytet-styrene chorsolymer, ndipo gawo lalikulu la madzi ndi methyl methacrylate monomertete.
PMMA Thupi la PMMA ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso pulasitiki, ndipo zimakhazikika mwachangu, kotero odwala amatha kutuluka ndikuchita zinthu molawirira pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Ili ndi mawonekedwe abwinowo pulasitiki, ndipo wothandizirayo amatha kugwira pulasitiki iliyonse ya fupa pamaso pa fupa isanayambe. Zinthuzo zili ndi chitetezo chabwino, ndipo sichotsekeredwa kapena kuyanjana ndi thupi la munthu mutapanga mthupi. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala kumakhala kokhazikika, ndipo makina amakina amadziwika.
Komabe, ilinso ndi zovuta zina, monga nthawi zina zimapangitsa kukakamizidwa kwambiri m'mafupa podzaza, kumapangitsa mafuta m'madzi kuti alowe m'magazi amwazi ndikuyambitsa embolism. Mosiyana ndi mafupa a anthu, zolumikizira zolembedwa zimatha kukhala zomasuka pakapita nthawi. PMMA monomers kumasulira kutentha pa polymerization, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa minofu kapena maselo ozungulira. Zipangizo zomwe zimapanga simenti yamafupa zimakhala ndi cytotoxicity, etc.
Zosakaniza mu mafupa simenti, monga zotupa, ursicaria, ma dyspnea ndi zizindikiro zina, komanso zoopsa, kugwedezeka kumatha kuchitika. Kuyesa kwa ziwengo kuyenera kuchitidwa musanagwiritse ntchito kuti apewe mavuto. Kusokonekera kwa Chuma cha fupa kumaphatikizapo fupa la mafupa, matupi a mafupa a Spentage, Tsitsi fupa kumasula ndi kusokonekera. Kusaka kwa mafupa kumatha kuyambitsa matupi otupa ndi kupweteka kwapoizoni, ndipo amatha kuwononga mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta. Kukhazikika kwa DZIMBO kumadalirika ndipo kumatha zaka zopitilira khumi, kapena zaka zopitilira makumi awiri.
Opaleshoni yamagazi a simenti ndi opaleshoni yovuta yovuta kwambiri, ndipo dzina lake lasayansi ndi Verteboplasty. Mpikisano wa mafupa ndi zinthu za polymer ndi madzi abwino musanangidwe. Imatha kulowa mosavuta kudzera pa singano yopukutira, kenako ndikusokoneza ming'alu yotayirira yamkati ya vertebrae; Mpime ya fupa ili pafupifupi mphindi 10, ndikumamatira ming'alu m'mafupa, ndipo simenti yolimba yamafupa imatha kuithandiza mkati mwa mafupa, kupanga vertebrae wamphamvu. Njira yonse yamankhwala imangotenga 20-30 mphindi.
Pofuna kupewa kusokoneza pambuyo jekeseni wa mafupa, mtundu watsopano wa chipangizo chochita opaleshoni wapangidwa, ndiye chipangizo cha verteboplasty. Zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo abwerere kwa wodwalayo ndikugwiritsa ntchito singano yapadera yopukutira mthupi la vertebral kudzera pakhungu pansi pa khomo la X-ray kuti mukhazikitse njira yogwirira ntchito. Kenako baluni imayikidwa kuti ipange mthupi logundika thupi lowonongeka, kenako simenti yamafupa imalowetsedwa m'thupi la vertebral kuti ibwezeretse mawonekedwe a thupi lowonongeka. Fupa lovomerezeka mu thupi la vertebral limaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa baluni kuti muchepetse kutulutsa fupa, pomwe mukuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa mafupa a simenti. Zimatha kuchepetsa zovuta zokhudzana ndi kupumula kwamadzi, monga chibayo, zilonda zam'mimba, zimapangitsa kuti kuzungulira kwa mafupa oyambitsidwa ndi mafupa.
Ngati opaleshoni ya PKP imachitika, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amayenera kupuma pabedi mkati mwa maola awiri atachita opaleshoni, ndipo amatha kutembenukira ku Axis. Munthawi imeneyi, ngati pali zowawa zilizonse kapena zowawa zimapitilizabe, adokotala ayenera kudziwitsidwa munthawi yake.
Zindikirani:
① Pewani kuzungulira kwakukulu ndi zochitika zobisika;
② Pewani kukhala kapena kuyimirira kwa nthawi yayitali;
Pewani kunyamula kulemera kapena kugwada kuti mutole zinthu pansi;
Pewani kugona pansi pang'ono;
⑤ Pewani kugwa komanso kubwerezanso kwa zotupa.
Post Nthawi: Nov-25-2024
