Kodi misozi ya ACL ndi chiyani?
ACL ili pakati pa bondo. Amagwirizanitsa fupa la ntchafu (femur) ku tibia ndipo amalepheretsa tibia kuti isasunthike kutsogolo ndi kuzungulira kwambiri. Mukang'amba ACL yanu, kusintha kulikonse kwadzidzidzi, monga kuyenda mozungulira kapena kuzungulira, pamasewera monga mpira, basketball, tenisi, rugby kapena masewera a karati, kungayambitse bondo lanu kulephera.
Nthawi zambiri misozi ya ACL imachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kosalumikizana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwadzidzidzi kwa bondo panthawi yophunzitsidwa kapena mpikisano. Osewera mpira amathanso kukhala ndi vuto lomwelo akawoloka mpira pamtunda wautali, kukakamiza kwambiri mwendo woyimirira.
Nkhani zoyipa kwa othamanga achikazi omwe akuwerenga izi: Azimayi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha misozi ya ACL chifukwa mawondo awo samagwirizana, kukula ndi mawonekedwe.
Othamanga omwe amang'amba ACL yawo nthawi zambiri amamva "pop" ndiyeno kutupa kwadzidzidzi kwa bondo (chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera pamtsempha wong'ambika). Kuonjezera apo, pali chizindikiro chachikulu: wodwalayo sangathe kuyenda kapena kupitiriza kusewera masewera nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha ululu wa mawondo. Pamene kutupa kwa bondo kumachepa, wodwalayo angaganize kuti bondo silikhazikika ndipo sangathe kuligwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo asamachite masewera omwe amakonda kwambiri.
Othamanga angapo otchuka adakumana ndi misozi ya ACL. Izi zikuphatikizapo: Zlatan Ibrahimovich, Ruud Van Nistelrooy, Francesco Totti, Paul Gascoigne, Alan Shearer, Tom Brady, Tiger Woods, Jamal Crawford, ndi Derrick Rose. Ngati inunso munakumanapo ndi mavuto ngati amenewa, simuli nokha. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti othamangawa adatha kupitiliza ntchito zawo zamaluso pambuyo pomanganso ACL. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, mutha kukhala ngati iwo, inunso!
Momwe Mungadziwire Misozi ya ACL
Muyenera kupita kwa GP ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi ACL yong'ambika. Adzatha kutsimikizira izi ndi matenda ndikupangira njira zabwino zopitira patsogolo. Dokotala wanu adzachita mayesero kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi misozi ya ACL, kuphatikizapo:
1.Kuyezetsa thupi komwe dokotala adzayang'ana momwe bondo lanu likuyendera poyerekezera ndi bondo lanu lina, losavulala. Atha kuyesanso mayeso a Lachman kapena mayeso a kabati yakunja kuti awone kuchuluka kwamayendedwe ndi momwe mgwirizanowo umagwirira ntchito, ndikukufunsani mafunso okhudza momwe zimamvekera.
Kuyeza kwa 2.X-ray komwe dokotala wanu angasankhe kuti asawonongeke kapena fupa losweka.
3.MRI scan yomwe idzawonetsa matope anu ndi minofu yofewa ndikulola dokotala wanu kuti ayang'ane kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka.
4.Ultrasound scan kuti ione mitsempha, tendon, ndi minofu.
Ngati kuvulala kwanu kuli kochepa mwina simunang'ambe ACL ndikungotambasula. Kuvulala kwa ACL kumayikidwa kuti adziwe kuuma kwawo motere.
Kodi ACL yong'ambika ingachiritse yokha?
ACL nthawi zambiri sichichira yokha chifukwa ilibe magazi abwino. Zili ngati chingwe. Ngati wang'ambika kwathunthu pakati, zimakhala zovuta kuti mbali ziwirizi zigwirizane mwachibadwa, makamaka chifukwa bondo limayenda nthawi zonse. Komabe, othamanga ena omwe amang'ambika pang'ono a ACL amatha kubwerera kukasewera malinga ngati mgwirizanowo uli wokhazikika komanso masewera omwe amasewera samaphatikizapo kupotoza mwadzidzidzi (monga baseball).
Kodi opaleshoni yokonzanso ACL ndiyo njira yokhayo yothandizira?
Kumanganso kwa ACL ndiko kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa ACL yomwe inang'ambika ndi "minofu ya minofu" (yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi ntchafu kuchokera mkati mwa ntchafu) kuti ikhale yokhazikika ku bondo. Ichi ndi chithandizo choyenera kwa othamanga omwe ali ndi bondo losakhazikika ndipo sangathe kuchita nawo masewera a masewera pambuyo pa misozi ya ACL.
Musanaganize za opaleshoni, muyenera kukaonana ndi katswiri wodziwa zakuthupi yemwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala wanu ndikupeza chithandizo chamankhwala. Izi zidzakuthandizani kubwezeretsa bondo lanu kuti liziyenda ndi mphamvu zonse, komanso kulola mpumulo wa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa. Madokotala ena amakhulupiriranso kuti kumangidwanso kwa ACL kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha nyamakazi yoyambirira (zosintha zowonongeka) zochokera ku x-ray.
Kukonzekera kwa ACL ndi njira yatsopano yothandizira mitundu ina ya misozi. Madokotala amalumikizanso malekezero ong'ambika a ACL ku fupa la ntchafu pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa medial brace. Komabe, misozi yambiri ya ACL siyoyenera kukonzanso mwachindunji. Odwala omwe adakonzedwa amakhala ndi opaleshoni yapamwamba yokonzanso (1 muzochitika za 8, malinga ndi mapepala ena). Pakalipano pali kafukufuku wambiri wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito maselo a stem ndi plasma wolemera wa platelet kuthandiza ACL kuchira. Komabe, njirazi zikuyesabe, ndipo chithandizo cha "golide" akadali opaleshoni yomanganso ACL.
Ndani angapindule kwambiri ndi opaleshoni yomanganso ya ACL?
1. Odwala achikulire omwe amatenga nawo mbali m'masewera omwe amaphatikizapo kuzungulira kapena kuzungulira.
2. Odwala achikulire omwe amagwira ntchito zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri zakuthupi ndipo zimaphatikizapo kuzungulira kapena kuyendayenda.
3. Odwala okalamba (monga zaka zoposa 50) omwe amachita nawo masewera apamwamba komanso omwe alibe kusintha kowonongeka kwa bondo.
4. Ana kapena achinyamata omwe ali ndi misozi ya ACL. Njira zosinthidwa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuvulala kwa mbale za kukula.
5. Ochita masewera omwe ali ndi mawondo ena ovulala pambali pa misozi ya ACL, monga posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), collateral ligament (LCL), meniscus, ndi kuvulala kwa cartilage. Makamaka kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi misozi ya meniscus, ngati angathe kukonza ACL nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira zake zidzakhala bwino.
Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni yomanganso ACL ndi iti?
1. Hamstring tendon - Izi zikhoza kukolola mosavuta kuchokera mkati mwa bondo kupyolera muzowonongeka pang'ono panthawi ya opaleshoni (autograft). ACL yowonongeka ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi tendon yoperekedwa ndi wina (allograft). Othamanga omwe ali ndi hypermobility (hyperlaxity), mitsempha yotayirira kwambiri (MCL), kapena minyewa yaying'ono ya hamstring ingakhale yabwinoko kuti agwirizane ndi allograft kapena patellar tendon graft (onani pansipa).
2. Patellar tendon - Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a patellar tendon wodwala, pamodzi ndi mapulagi a fupa kuchokera ku tibia ndi kneecap, angagwiritsidwe ntchito patellar tendon autograft. Ndiwothandiza ngati kulumikiza kwa tendon, koma kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kupweteka kwa mawondo, makamaka pamene wodwalayo akugwada ndikuthyoka bondo. Wodwala adzakhalanso ndi chipsera chachikulu kutsogolo kwa bondo.
3. Njira yapakati ya mawondo ndi njira ya tibial yogwirizana ndi njira yachikazi - Kumayambiriro kwa opaleshoni yomanganso ACL, dokotalayo amaboola fupa lolunjika (tibial tunnel) kuchokera ku tibia kupita ku femur. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngalande ya fupa mu femur sipamene ACL inalipo poyamba. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, madokotala ochita opaleshoni omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yamkati amayesa kuyika fupa la mafupa ndi kumezanitsa pafupi ndi malo oyambirira (anatomical) a ACL momwe angathere. Madokotala ena ochita opaleshoni amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya tibial-based femoral tunnel kumabweretsa kusasunthika kozungulira komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mawondo a odwala.
4. Njira yonse yolumikizira / yolumikizira - Njira yolumikizirana yonse imagwiritsa ntchito kubowola motsatizana kuti kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa fupa lomwe likufunika kuchotsedwa pabondo. Hamstring imodzi yokha ndiyofunika kuti mupange kumezanitsa pomanganso ACL. Zolinga zake n’zakuti njira imeneyi ingakhale yocheperapo komanso yopweteka kwambiri ngati mmene amachitira kale.
5. Single-bundle vs. double-bundle - Madokotala ena ochita opaleshoni amayesa kumanganso mitolo iwiri ya ACL pobowola mabowo anayi pa kneecap m'malo mwa awiri. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu muzotsatira za kukonzanso kwa ACL-mtolo umodzi kapena kawiri-pawiri - madokotala ochita opaleshoni apeza zotsatira zokhutiritsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zonse ziwiri.
6. Kusunga Plate Yokula - Mimba ya kukula kwa ana kapena achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la ACL amakhalabe otsegula mpaka zaka 14 kwa atsikana ndi 16 kwa anyamata. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomanganso ya ACL (transvertebral) ikhoza kuwononga mbale za kukula ndikuletsa fupa kukula (kumangidwa kwa kukula). Dokotalayo ayenera kuyang'ana mbale za kukula kwa wodwalayo asanalandire chithandizo, dikirani mpaka wodwalayo atamaliza kukula, kapena agwiritse ntchito njira yapadera kuti asagwire mbale za kukula (periosteum kapena adventitia).
Ndi nthawi iti yabwino yomanganso ACL pambuyo povulala?
Moyenera, muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni mkati mwa masabata angapo mutavulala. Kuchedwetsa opaleshoni kwa miyezi 6 kapena kuposerapo kumawonjezera chiopsezo chowononga chichereŵechereŵe ndi ziwalo zina za bondo, monga meniscus. Musanachite opaleshoni, ndi bwino ngati mwalandira chithandizo chamankhwala kuti muchepetse kutupa ndikuyambanso kuyenda, ndikulimbikitsanso quadriceps (minofu ya ntchafu yakutsogolo).
Kodi njira yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni yomanganso ya ACL ndi yotani?
1. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwa mawondo, koma dokotala adzapereka mankhwala opha ululu amphamvu.
2. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mungagwiritse ntchito ndodo kuti muyime ndikuyenda nthawi yomweyo.
3. Odwala ena ali ndi thanzi labwino kuti atulutsidwe tsiku lomwelo.
4. Ndikofunika kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
5. Mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo mpaka masabata asanu ndi limodzi
6. Mutha kubwereranso ku ofesi pakadutsa milungu iwiri.
7. Koma ngati ntchito yanu ikukhudza ntchito zambiri zakuthupi, zimatenga nthawi yaitali kuti mubwerere kuntchito.
8. Zitha kutenga miyezi 6 mpaka 12 kuti muyambirenso masewera, nthawi zambiri miyezi 9
Kodi mungayembekezere kusintha kotani pambuyo pa opaleshoni yomanganso ACL?
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamkulu wa odwala 7,556 omwe anali ndi kukonzanso kwa ACL, odwala ambiri adatha kubwerera ku masewera awo (81%). Awiri mwa atatu mwa odwala adatha kubwereranso kumasewera awo asanavulale, ndipo 55% adatha kubwereranso kumalo osankhika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-16-2025
